Oil burner



May 3, 1938. c R, H D 2,115,850

OIL BURNER Filed June 23, 1936 gwucwm Patented May 3, 1938 UNITED STATESOIL BURNER Clayson R. Hammond, Salem, reg., assignor of fifty-fivepercent to Herbert E. Foster, Salem,

Oreg.

Application June 23,

7 Claims.

lhis invention relates to oil burners and the like and is particularlyadapted to be used in furnaces, boilers, cook stoves, in fact, any placewhere heat is required.

The primary object of this invention is to introduce hydrogen and oxygenin the form of steam together with the hydrocarbon contained in the lowgrade fuels, expanding both within a heated chamber prior to expellingthe mixture in the form of gas from the burner jets at which timeadditional secondary air is induced by the flow of the gas from the jetsprior to combustion.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner having no movingparts, but at the 1 same. time completely vaporizing the fuel prior tocombustion.

A further object of the invention is to prevent carbonization of thefuel within the burner unit itself.

Another object is to permit rapid, easy and positive starting of theburner when cold.

A further object is to introduce the proper quantity of steam into thegas mixture by injection.

A still further object is to water jacket the fuel nozzle and fuelsupply line throughout its length within the fire-box, preventing thefuel supply line and nozzle from carbonizing while delivering fuel tothe generating chamber.

Another object is to provide a hot spot that will be equal intemperature over its entire surface.

A still further object is to build the generating chamber of a low heatconducting material, while the delivery pipes to the burner jets are ofa rapid heat conducting material.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 is an assembled side view of my new and improved oil burner.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1, lookingin the direction indicated.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the generating chamberenclosing the steam and fuel nozzle, with portions broken away forconvenience of illustration.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 2, looking inthe direction indicated.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a sectional view of the fuel nozzle having a water jacketsurrounding the nozzle and fuel line.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the vaporizing trough removed from thegenerating chamber.

1936, Serial No. 86,855

Figure 8 is a sectional View of the generating chamber taken on line 8-8of Figure 3, looking in the direction indicated, illustrating the fueland steam nozzles.

I n the drawing 5 housing I is made from a material of low heat 15conductivity while the tubes 3 and 4 throughout their entire length, areof high heat conducting material. The cap 2 has nipples 9 and H! on itsouter end and a bell portion ll extending inwardly within the generatingchamber I. Bell I2 also is an integral part of the cap 2 and extends 20in beyond and within the bell H, as best shown in Figure 3. The hollowtube l3 surrounds the fuel line I4 and provides a water space I5 forsurrounding the fuel line H clear to the end I6 6 of the nozzle IT. Thiswater jacket is for the purpose of preventing carbon accumulation at theend I! or the nozzle of the fuel line [4. The whole assembly islongitudinally adjustable within the nipple 9 and the inner bell l2 oris adjusted to any position by the stufiing box IS. The fuel line Itreceives its fuel from the control valve 20 while the water jacket l3receives a water supply from the valve 2|.

In order to introduce steam within the generat- 35 ing chamber Itogether with the fuel from the nozzle ll, a boiler 22 is provided. Theboiler 22 consists of an outer coil 23 starting with the tube 24 leadingfrom the connection 25 of the water jacket !3. The opposite lead 26 ofthe outer coil 40 23 terminates in an inner or smaller coil 21, coiledin a downward spiral, terminating in the tube 28 which is packed intothe nipple Ill by a suitable connection or stufiing box 29. The nippleH) has a passage 38 terminating in a nozzle 30A for discharging thesteam past the' bell l2 and mixing it with the fuel from the nozzle I l.The coils are supported on a plate 2'! carried by rods 28' dependingfrom the cap 2. A vaporizing trough or hot spot is shown at 3| extendingalong the 50 lower side or bottom of the generating chamber. This troughis made from a high heat conducting material so that the heat is evenlydistributed over its entire surface. The heat trough 3| terminates in acylindrical sleeve 32 which fits 55 snugly within the heat chamber lwithin the cap 2. The heat chamber and the cylindrical portion 32 fitagainst the gasket 33 within the cap 2, the whole assembly being lockedin position by the cap screw 34. The cap screw is threaded Within thechamber I. The cap 2 has a slot 3'5 providing adjusting means againstthe gasket 33. The heating trough 3! is an important part of thisinvention because of its high heat conductivity.

To start the burner, a pan 36 having a suitable wick therein issaturated from the fuel oil which is supplied down through the pipe 3'!from the fuel nozzle ll, supplying heat to the generating chamber. Asthe heat from the burning fuel in the pan 36 starts the generation ofvapor in the generating chamber, a portion of such vapor will flowthrough the tube 3'! and be ignited from the flame of the burning fuelin the pan 3B for generating steam in the coils of the burner. Theamount of water admitted into the boiler will be controlledautomatically by the pressure generated within the chamber l and pipes 3and 4 leading to the burner jets indicated at 40. The main object ofthis invention is the mixing of the steam from the nozzle 38A with thefuel from the nozzle ll after which this mixture is delivered to theburner jets 46.

Referring to Figure 4, part of the burner jets are directed against thegenerating chamber. An angle, shown in dotted position by numeral 4|resting on top of the generator, provides a means of controlling theamount of heat applied to the words, the angle iron 4! restinglongitudinal upon the top surface of the generator provides a contrelfor the amount of heat to be absorbed by the generating chamber. Theflames 44 are directed a past one side of the heat chamber, while theflames 45 are directed upward. The flames 42 and 44 may be directedtowards the left or reversed as shown in Figure 4, their directiondepending upon the type of fire box that the burner is installed in.

Having thus described my invention, I do not wish to be limited to theparticular form of construction as my invention is adaptable; to othermechanical embodiments still coming within the scope of the claims tofollow.

What is claimed to be new is:

1. An oil burner including a vaporizing cham ber, a cap for one endthereof, a nipple carried by the cap extending inwardly from the endwall of the cap toward and into the vaporizing chamber, a fuel pipeterminating in a nozzle opening into the vaporizing chamber, and a waterjacket surrounding the fuel pipe to the point of the nozzle, said waterjacket and fuel pipe being adjustable longitudinally of the nipple.

2. An oil burnerv including a vaporizing chamber, a cap for one endthereof, a nipple carried by the cap said nipple extending inwardly fromthe end wall of the cap, a fuel pipe terminating in a nozzle, a waterjacket surrounding the fuel pipe to the point of the nozzle, said waterjacket and fuel pipe being longitudinally of the nipple, and avaporizing trough having an annular portion surrounding the nozzle andnipple and extended longitudinally of the generating chamber as anupwardly opening section, the vaporizing trough being of high heatconductivity.

3. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a cap closing one endthereof, a nipple carried by the cap, a fuel pipe movable longitudinallyof the nipple and terminating in a nozzle, a steam inlet passage formedin the cap at one side of the nozzle, a steam generating coil supportedby the cap and communicating with the steam inlet, means for admittingwater to the coil, and a connection from the generating chamber to andbeneath the coil, said connection terminating as a burner to generatesteam in the coil.

4. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a cap for one endthereof, a nipple carried by the cap, a steam inlet formed in the cap, afuel pipe terminating in a nozzle, a water jacket for the fuel pipe, acoil carried by the cap and subj ect to heat from a burner fed from thegenerating chamber, a communication between the coil and steam inlet,and a communication between the coil and the water jacket about the fuelpipe.

5. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a cap for one endthereof, a nipple carried by the cap, a steam inlet formed in the cap, afuel pipe terminating in a nozzle, a water jacket for the fuel pipe, acoil carried by the cap and subject to heat from a burner fed from thegenerating chamber, a communication between the coil and steam inlet,and a communication between the coil and the water jacket about the fuelpipe, said water jacket and fuel pipe being movable as a unitlongitudinally of the nipple.

6. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a water jacketed fuelinlet at one end thereof, a steam coil supported by the generatingchamber, means for supplying the steam coil from the water jacket of thefuel inlet, a steam inlet leading from the coil to the generatingchamber, a vaporizing trough arranged in the generating chamber, and agas outlet from the trough to a burner terminal arranged for heating thecoil.

'7. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a water jacketed fuelinlet at one end thereof, a steam coil supported by the generatingchamber, means for supplying the steam coil from the water jacket of thefuel inlet, a steam inlet leading from the coil to the generatingchamber, a vaporizing trough arranged in the generating chamber, and agas outlet from the trough to a burner terminal arranged for heating thecoil, the generating chamber being extended to form a lower and anintermediate set of burners disposed beneath the generating chamber, apart of the intermediate set of burners directing the flame toward'thegenerating chamber and the remaining part of said burners directing theflame laterally of the generating chamber.

CLAYSON R. HAMMOND.

